| 주 저자 | Won-Jong Choi, Ye-Bin Shin, Heon-Min Lee, Youngsub An, Wangje Lee, Jongkyu Kim, Jae-Weon Jeong, Min-Hwi Kim |
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| 공동 저자 | - |
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| 소속 | - |
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| Abstract | Local energy communities with year-round cooling loads, such as university campuses hosting data centers, integrate photovoltaics (PV) while limiting grid dependence and operating costs. However, the operational value of fifth-generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) systems under time-of-use (TOU) tariffs and PV variability remains poorly quantified, with most prior studies focusing on design rather than on the temporal coordination of network temperature, thermal energy storage (TES), and power-to-heat operation. This study presents a perfect-forecast mixed-integer linear program (MILP) for the operational optimization of a campus-scale 5GDHC system with rooftop PV, a central air-source heat pump with a TES, and decentralized building heat pumps. The MILP selects the discrete network temperature, schedules TES operation, and allocates grid imports using consecutive 168 h retained intervals with up to 24 h of look-ahead. An All-ASHP reference and three rule-based control (RBC) temperature strategies (Cases A–C) are compared under identical inputs for winter and summer. The MILP reduced operating costs by 44.8% in winter and 24.9% in summer relative to All-ASHP, and by 8.5% and 21.8%, respectively, relative to Case C, the lowest-cost feasible RBC strategy. The economic advantage of the MILP resulted from the coordinated timing of grid electricity use, PV utilization, and TES operation rather than simply from reducing total heat pump electricity consumption; in summer, the on-peak period accounted for 57.7% of the total cost reduction relative to Case C. These results provide a quantitative benchmark for campus-scale 5GDHC operation under TOU tariffs and PV variability. |
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| Keyword | 5th-generation district heating and cooling, Power-to-heat, Photovoltaic generation, Thermal energy storage, Mixed-integer linear programming |
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| 페이지 | pp. 1~28 |
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| 논문 파일 |
없음
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| 게재일시 |
2026-11
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| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.142842 |
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| 학회/저널명 | Energy Vol.366, No.142842 |
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| 년도 | 2026 |
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| 추가 문구 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.142842 |
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| 등록 일시 | 2026-10-26 09:50:16 |
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